import pandas as pd
# 伪造一些数据
fake_data = {'subject':['math', 'english'],
      'A': [88, 90],
      'B': [70, 80],
      'C': [60, 78]}

# 宽表
test = pd.DataFrame(fake_data, columns=['subject', 'A', 'B', 'C'])
test
	subject	A	B	C
0	math	88	70	60
1	english	90	80	78

# 转换为窄表
pd.melt(test, id_vars=['subject'])

subject	variable	value
0	math	A	88
1	english	A	90
2	math	B	70
3	english	B	80
4	math	C	60
5	english	C	78

#将'B'列的类别调整为行。
#1
num = df[~df.duplicated(subset=['StuID'])].loc[:,'StuID'].to_list()
#2
result_df = pd.DataFrame({'StuID': np.array(num)},columns=['StuID','English','Math'])
#3
for i in df.index:
  t = df.loc[i,'Type']
  num = df.loc[i,'StuID']
  result_df.loc[result_df['StuID'] == num,[t]] = df.loc[i,'Num']
print(result_df)